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« Back to Contents VULVAR CANCER

LiFE re

Literature for ENYGO

Pathology of epithelial and non-epithelial malignant tumours
of the vulva and vagina

Editor Kamil Zalewski It has been reported that ras homologue gene family member A
(RhoA) expression is an independent prognostic factor, however
Descriptive summary the role of RhoA in carcinoma of the vulva has not been reported.
Wang J et al. demonstrated that the RhoA expression was signifi-
Day et al. retrospectively assessed 118 cases of normal vulvar skin cantly higher in stage III–IV VSCC tissue than in stage I–II and more
and mucosa and found site-specific differences in stratum corneum poorly than that in well-differentiated VSCC. Cases with lymph node
morphology and parakeratosis at the mucocutaneous junction. These metastasis had higher positive RhoA expression than cases without
data should allow pathologists to be aware of site-related differenc- lymph node metastasis. Authors suggested that the RhoA inhibitor
es of the vulvar epithelium to avoid overdiagnosis of pathological lovastatin alters VSCC cell migration and proliferation and may be
conditions. an effective drug for treating VSCC.

Rouzbahman et al. retrospectively reviewed clinical and morpho- Lagerstedt et al. analysed 203 normal vulvar skin, lichen sclerosus
logical characteristics of the 44 cases of vulvovaginal melanomas. (LS), vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN) and VSCC samples for
They identified BRAF, NRAS, and C-KIT mutations with slightly oestrogen-related receptors (ERRs) by using immunohistochemistry.
different frequencies compared to the published data in melanomas They demonstrated that the cytoplasmic expression of ERRα was
of general sites. substantially decreased or lost in VSCC and LS and VIN lesions
showed diminished ERRαstaining in relation to normal vulvar skin.
Jeffus et al. reviewed 143 consecutive resection specimens of vulvar They concluded that the role of ERRαas a prognostic marker remains
squamous cell carcinoma (VSCC) and explored the prognostic sig- questionable.
nificance of patterns of invasion and fibromyxoid stromal response.
They demonstrated that tumours with an infiltrative pattern of
invasion, a fibromyxoid stromal response, and perineural invasion
represented an important subset of VSCCs that behave more aggres-
sively. In particular, an infiltrative pattern of invasion and perineural
invasion were highly associated with an increased risk for tumour
recurrence, whereas a fibromyxoid stromal response was associated
with increased risk for nodal metastases.

Members of the miR-17 family are among the best-studied microR-
NAs in cancer. De Melo Maia et al. designed a sponge construct
containing miR-17 family member miRNA binding sites that was syn-
thesised, cloned, and transfected into a vulvar cancer cell line. The
miR-17-specific sponge effectively reduced the expression of five
miR-17 family members (out of six), indicating that these sponges
may have a therapeutic effect in VSCC.

Yang et al. documented that miR-590-5p is involved in the VSCC
carcinogenesis and its upregulation in tumours was found to be
associated with lymphatic metastases.

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International Journal of Gynecological Cancer, Volume 26, Supplement #1